CISA and its public and private sector partners are working closely with officials in Nevada as they respond to an August 24th cyber-attack targeting the state and impacting essential services.
Author: CISA
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CISA Adds Three Known Exploited Vulnerabilities to Catalog
CISA has added three new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.
- CVE-2024-8069 Citrix Session Recording Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability
- CVE-2024-8068 Citrix Session Recording Improper Privilege Management Vulnerability
- CVE-2025-48384 Git Link Following Vulnerability
These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise.
Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the KEV Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.
Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of KEV Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.
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CISA Requests Public Comment for Updated Guidance on Software Bill of Materials
CISA released updated guidance for the Minimum Elements for a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) for public comment—comment period begins today and concludes on October 3, 2025. These updates build on the 2021 version of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration SBOM Minimum Elements to reflect advancements in tooling and implementation.
An SBOM serves as a vital inventory of software components, enabling organizations to identify vulnerabilities, manage dependencies, and mitigate risks. The update refines data fields, automation support, and operational practices to ensure SBOMs are scalable, interoperable, and comprehensive.
Stakeholders are encouraged to provide feedback via the Federal Register during the public comment period. This feedback will contribute to refining SBOM practices, enabling CISA to release an updated version of the minimum elements.
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CISA Releases Three Industrial Control Systems Advisories
CISA released three Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on August 21, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.
- ICSA-25-233-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU Module
- ICSA-25-177-01 Mitsubishi Electric Air Conditioning Systems (Update A)
- ICSMA-25-233-01 FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas Synapse Mobility
CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.
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CISA Adds One Known Exploited Vulnerability to Catalog
CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation.
- CVE-2025-43300 Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS Out-of-Bounds Write Vulnerability
This type of vulnerability is a frequent attack vector for malicious cyber actors and poses significant risks to the federal enterprise.
Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the KEV Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information.
Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of KEV Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria.
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FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas Synapse Mobility
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v4 5.3
- ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
- Vendor: FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas Corporation
- Equipment: Synapse Mobility
- Vulnerability: External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to access information beyond their assigned roles.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas Synapse Mobility are affected:
- Synapse Mobility: Versions prior to 8.2
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 EXTERNAL CONTROL OF ASSUMED-IMMUTABLE WEB PARAMETER CWE-472
FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas Synapse Mobility versions prior to 8.2 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability through external control of Web parameter. Exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to bypass authentication and access information beyond role-based access controls.
CVE-2025-54551 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-54551. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan
3.4 RESEARCHER
Christopher Alejandro (Moroco) reported this vulnerability to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas has released the following mitigation options for users to follow:
- It is recommended to upgrade to the latest version of the product or any version from 8.2 and later to resolve this issue.
- There is an immediate mitigation available of disabling the search function in the configurator settings. Access to the search function for all users can also be removed by unchecking the “Allow plain text accession number” check box in the security section of the admin interface. This will limit the site to use of the product only via the SecureURL feature.
- Patches have been released which will remediate the vulnerability for software versions 8.0-8.1.1.
FUJIFILM Healthcare Americas strongly encourages users to update the Synapse Mobility application to the latest version if they are past their end of support date.
For more information, refer to Synapse Mobility Vulnerability Notification.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:
- Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
- Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
- Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
- August 21, 2025: Initial Publication
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Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU Module
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v3 5.3
- ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/Low attack complexity
- Vendor: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
- Equipment: MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module
- Vulnerability: Improper Handling of Length Parameter Inconsistency
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could result in a remote attacker being able to delay the processing of the Web server function and prevent legitimate users from utilizing the Web server function by sending a specially crafted HTTP request.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module are affected:
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-32MT/ES: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-32MT/DS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-32MT/ESS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-32MT/DSS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-32MR/ES: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-32MR/DS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-64MT/ES: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-64MT/DS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-64MT/ESS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-64MT/DSS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-64MR/ES: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-64MR/DS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-80MT/ES: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-80MT/DS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-80MT/ESS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-80MT/DSS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-80MR/ES: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5U-80MR/DS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-32MT/D: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-32MT/DSS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-64MT/D: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-64MT/DSS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-96MT/D: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-96MT/DSS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-32MT/DS-TS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-32MT/DSS-TS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UC-32MR/DS-TS: Versions 1.060 and later
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MT/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MT/DSS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MR/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MR/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MT/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MT/DSS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MR/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MR/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MT/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MT/DSS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MR/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MR/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MT/ES-A: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-24MR/ES-A: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MT/ES-A: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-40MR/ES-A: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MT/ES-A: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5UJ-60MR/ES-A: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-30MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-30MT/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-30MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-30MT/DSS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-30MR/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-30MR/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-40MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-40MT/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-40MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-40MT/DSS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-40MR/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-40MR/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-60MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-60MT/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-60MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-60MT/DSS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-60MR/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-60MR/DS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-80MT/ES: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-80MT/ESS: All versions
- MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module FX5S-80MR/ES: All versions
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 IMPROPER HANDLING OF LENGTH PARAMETER INCONSISTENCY CWE-130
A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability due to Improper Handling of Length Parameter Inconsistency exists in the Web server function of the MELSEC iQ-F Series CPU module.
CVE-2025-5514 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan
3.4 RESEARCHER
Thai Do, Minh Pham, Quan Le, and Loc Nguyen of OPSWAT Unit515 reported this vulnerability to Mitsubishi Electric Corporation. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation reported this vulnerability to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation advises that there are no plans to release a fixed version. Mitsubishi Electric recommends users take the following mitigation measures to minimize the risk of exploiting this vulnerability:
- Use a firewall or virtual private network (VPN), etc. to prevent unauthorized access when Internet access is required.
- Use within a LAN and block access from untrusted networks and hosts through firewalls.
- Use IP filter function to block access from untrusted hosts. For details on the IP filter function, please refer to the manual for each product: “13.1 IP Filter Function” in the MELSEC iQ-F FX5 User’s Manual (Communication).
- Restrict physical access to the affected products and the LAN connected by them.
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation recommends users contact their local Mitsubishi Electric representative with questions.
For more information, see Mitsubishi Electric’s security advisory.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
- August 21, 2025: Initial Publication